英语阅读高考(高考英语阅读理解类型)

高考英语阅读理解类型

　阅读理解是高考英语试卷中卷面分值最高的，为了方便考生们更好地复习英语，我在这里整理了高考英语阅读理解类型及答题技巧，希望能对考生们有所帮助!

　英语阅读文体类型简析

　高考英语阅读常见的文体类型有：记叙文、议论文、说明文和应用文。

　[1]、记叙文。

　英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事件、地点、或过程。特点是，其主题往往潜伏在字里行间，没有直接地表白出来;文章主旨要透过体察所揭示的人物、事件来进行提炼。描写手法大多按时间跨度、空间顺序、上下顺序来展开。阅读记叙文体应采取略读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文中描写的主要内容，从整体上去把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及情感主线。高考阅读就记叙文设题大多以细节理解为主。

　[2]、议论文。

　英语议论文通常为三段式，即?论点、论据、结论?三部份组成。首先借助某一现象引出论点，然后通过一定论据从各个层面上加以推理论证，最后得出结论。议论文体主要考查学生对论点及论据的把握。因此，遇到议论文体时，应采取抓主题句的方法来把握文章主旨，弄清作者的观点。一般来说，作者的论点通常在文章首段被引出，接着是对这一论点的逻辑推理和论证，最后为结论。还应注意的是：在对论点论证的过程中，每一段的首句都是该段的主题句。把握全文论点、弄清论证各段的主题句、理解文章层次、找出中心论点的.位置是理解议论文的关键。

　就议论文而言，其论证的常见结构方式有：

　1，总分式 总---分;分----总;总----分---总;

　2，并列式 几个论据之间属于平等关系;

　3，递进式 几个论据之间属于递进关系;

　4，对照式 把两种事物加以对比，以彰显其中一种。

　[3]、说明文。

　英语说明文的总体结构通常为三部份，说明对象、说明过程和归纳总结。常见的说明方法：

　1，定义与诠释说明;

　2，举例与引用说明;

　3，分类与图表说明;

　4，比较与比喻说明;

　5，分析与综合说明;

　就高考英语说明文的阅读而言，首先要抓住文章说明的要点，也就是要抓住被说明对象的实质性特征;弄清作者从哪个角度、哪个层面开始说明;并明白文章最后的说明结论。高考说明文阅读材料通常介绍最新科技、重大成就、生活时尚、流行现象等。了解说明文的写作手法、说明方法，理清短文结构及段落中心思想是答题关键。

　[4]、应用文。

　英语应用文属于实用型文体，如书信、通知、日记、广告等。应用文阅读要注意文中具体细节的把握与理解，弄清作者所传达的实际信息及表达的具体内容。阅读时采取速读与精读相结合的方法，力求快速精确地查出试题所设置的关键内容。

　英语阅读理解答题技巧

　高考阅读理解常见的设题形式有：词义猜测题、主旨大意题、细节理解题、推理题和推断题。题型不同，答题技巧也就有差异。下面就不同题型的答题技巧作一点简分析。

　1、词义猜测技巧。

　这种题型要求对文章中的划线生词进行词义猜测。这类题型不仅要求具备一定构词法，而且也要求对上下文具有比较全面的理解。做词意猜测时，应注意划线生词后面的定语从句、同位语从句。定语从句、同位语从句通常用来解释生词的词意。另外，还要应注意生词后的标点符号，如逗号、破折号、引号、括号都可用于提示词意。有时，词意隐藏在全文或某一段中，这就需要把握文段的意境来加以透知该词的含义。

　To argue that zoos imprison animals is to misunderstand what zoos are about. Without zoos many of the creatures we love and admire would no longer exist. Every single day，over one hundred animal species vanish. Scientists predict that as early as 2050 one quarter of the Earth?s species will become extinct.

　27.The underlined word ?vanish? in Paragraph 2 most probably means _____.

　A. remain B. disappear C. become rarer D. get killed

　2、抓主旨大意的技巧。

　一般来说，议论文的主旨大意要么在首段，要么在尾段。文章主旨位于首段时，其后的段落通常是演绎论证的过程;在段尾时，其前的段落通常是在摆事实、讲道理，最后归纳出全文主旨。说明文的主旨也通常位于首段;记叙文的主旨有的位于开首段(如新闻报道、时事经纬等文章的主旨均置于开场白的位置，达到开门见山、直奔主题的效果)，但大多数记叙文的主旨隐藏在文章之中，需理清文章脉络，挖掘文章内涵，把握作者意图。

　Zoos divide opinion：there are those who think it is cruel to keep animals locked up while others believe zoos are essential for the survival of endangered species.

　29. According to the passage some people do not agree with zoos because they _____.

　A. are too expensive to run B. put animals in danger

　C. do not provide enough food D. keep animals locked up

　3、推断题型答题技巧。

　推理是在既有信息的基础上得出合乎文章内容的内涵意义，即某一问题、某一观点没有直接表述，而寓意在文章的字里行间，要求通过文中信息分析推出某种符合作者思想、符合文章逻辑的内涵意义。推断则是指通过对文章进行符合逻辑的综合分析，推出文章未直接陈述的言外之意。推断题推断得正确与否，很大程度上取决于是否能正确把握作者潜隐在字里行间的语气及观点。

　To argue that zoos imprison animals is to misunderstand what zoos are about. Without zoos many of the creatures we love and admire would no longer exist. Every single day，over one hundred animal species vanish. Scientists predict that as early as 2050 one quarter of the Earth?s species will become extinct.

　26. What?s the writer?s attitude towards zoos?

　A. He shows no opinion either for or against them.

　B. He thinks that they are unnecessary and cruel.

　C. He believes they play an important environmental role.

　D. He expresses a desire that more of them be built.

　4、细节题型的答题技巧。

　细节题型的解答通常是借助对文中的具体信息的查寻来解决。答题时要采取略读、扫读、析读和精读的办法从文中找出问题答案。细节题型多问及时间、地点、人物、数量和特征等。

　Some animals are in danger because they are hunted. Alarmingly, the population of tigers has already fallen by ninety-five percent. Other species are in danger because of a lack of food. For example, there are fewer than 1300 giant pandas left in the wild.

　28. According to the passage the world?s tiger population _____.

　A. will rise by 5% next year B. is relatively stable

　C/ is 95% smaller than in the past D. has fallen to 95%

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怎么快速有效的提高高考英语阅读理解，词汇量需要达到多少呢？

高考英语阅读理解题及答案

　高考英语考试中，阅读理解的分数占有很大比例，下面我给大家准备了高考的.英语阅读理解的练习以及答案，欢迎大家阅读学习!

　第一篇：

　Our brains work in complex and strange ways.There are some people who can calculate the day of the week for any given date in 40,000 years, but who cannot add two plus two.Others can perform complex classical piano pieces after hearing them once, but they cannot read or write.

　Dr.J.Langdon Down first described this condition in 1887.He called these people idiot savants.An idiot savant is a person who has significant mental impairment (损伤) , such as in autism ( 孤独症，自闭症) or retardation.At the same time, the person also exhibits some extraordinary skills, which are unusual for most people.The skills of the savant may vary from being exceptionally gifted in music or in mathematics, or having a photographic memory.

　One of the first descriptions of a human who could calculate quickly was written in 1789 by Dr.Benjamin Rush, an American doctor.His patient, Thomas Fuller, was brought to Virginia as a slave in1724.It took Thomas only 90 seconds to work out that a man who has lived 70 years, 17 days, and 12 hours has lived 2,210,500,800 seconds.Despite this ability, he died in 1790 without ever learning to read or write.

　Another idiot savant slave became famous as a pianist in the 1860s.Blind Tom had a vocabulary of only 100 words, but he played 5 ,000 musical pieces beautifully.

　In the excellent movie Rain Man, made in 1988 and available on video cassette, Dustin Hoffman plays an idiot savant who amazes his brother played by Tom Cruise, with his ability to perform complex calculations very rapidly.

　Today we more clearly recognize that the idiot savant is special because of brain impairment.Yet not all brain impairment leads to savant skills.Some studies have shown that people who have purposeful interruption of the left side of the brain can develop idiot savant skills.However few people wish to participate in such experiments.There are many excellent reasons for not undergoing unnecessary experimentation on one's brain.The term idiot savant is outdated and inappropriate.Virtually all savants have a high degree of intelligence and are thus not idiots.

　72.What does the passage mainly talk about?

　A.Idiot savants have areas of outstanding abilities.

　B.Human Beings have complicated thinking process.

　C.The brains of the idiot savants are partly impaired.

　D.The reasons why people have wonderful skills vary.

　73.Which of the following can be done by Rain Man?

　A.He can play wonderful pieces of classical music.

　B.He can guess out exactly the length of a man's life.

　C.He can memorize the contents of the pictures fast.

　D.He can count matches dropped on the floor quickly.

　74.What can you infer from the passage?

　A.Idiot savants have real talents for art and math.

　B.Dr.Down is the first person who found idiot savants.

　C.Few people wish to risk becoming savants by brain operations.

　D.Intentional left brain impairments will surely lead to idiot savants.

　75.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

　第二篇：

　Laws that would have ensured pupils from five to 16 received a full financial education got lost in the ?wash up?. An application is calling on the next government to bring it back.

　At school the children are taught to add up and subtract(减法) but, extraordinarily, are not routinely shown how to open a bank account ? let alone how to manage their finances in an increasingly complex and demanding world.

　Today the parenting website Mumsnet and the consumer campaigner Martin Lewis have joined forces to launch an online application to make financial education a compulsory element of the school curriculum in England. Children from five to 16 should be taught about everything from pocket money to pensions, they say. And that was exactly the plan preserved in the Children, Schools and Families bill that was shelved by the government in the so-called ?wash-up? earlier this month ? the rush to legislation before parliament was dismissed. Consumer and parent groups believe financial education has always been one of the most frustrating omissions of the curriculum.

　As the Personal Finance Education Group (Pfeg) points out, the good habits of young children do not last long. Over 75% of seven- to 11-year-olds are savers but by the time they get to 17, over half of them are in debt to family and friends. By this age, 26% see a credit card or overdraft(透支) as a way of extending their spending power. Pfeg predicts that these young people will ?find it much harder to avoid the serious unexpected dangers that have befallen many of their parents' generation unless they receive good quality financial education while at school.?

　The UK has been in the worst financial recession(衰退)for generations. It does seem odd that ? unless parents step in ? young people are left in the dark until they are cruelly introduced to the world of debt when they turn up at university. In a recent poll of over 8,000 people, 97% supported financial education in schools, while 3% said it was a job for parents.

　61. The passage is mainly about _____________.

　A. how to manage school lessons

　B. how to deal with the financial crisis

　C. teaching young people about money

　D. teaching students how to study effectively

　62. It can be inferred from the first two paragraphs that __________.

　A. the author complains about the school education

　B. pupils should not be taught to add up and subtract

　C. students have been taught to manage their finances

　D. laws on financial education have been effectively carried out

　63. The website and the consumer campaigner joined to _________.

　A. instruct the pupils to donate their pocket money

　B. promote the connection of schools and families

　C. ask the government to dismiss the parliament

　D. appeal for the curriculum of financial education

　64. According to Pfeg, ___________.

　A. it is easy to keep good habits long

　B. teenagers spend their money as planned

　C. parents are willing to pay the debt for their kids

　D. it will be in trouble if the teenagers are left alone

　65. A poll is mentioned to ___________.

　A. stress the necessity of the curriculum reform

　B. show the seriousness of the financial recession

　C. make the readers aware of burden of the parents

　D. illustrate some people are strongly against the proposal

　>>>>>>参考答案<<<<<<

　第一篇：ADCB

　第二篇：61-65 CADDA

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高中英语阅读理解的逻辑思维难度相当于小学语文五年级，题型难度则相当于小学语文三年级，因为都是“四选一”的选择题，可以猜答案。所以，本质上高中英语阅读就是在考理解，拿到满分还是比较容易的。

对于记忆力差，英语不及格的零基础同学，强烈建议学一下“睡眠记忆法”，方法比较简单，是无偿公开的公益方法，浏览器检索一下就可以找到。只要按方法要求，做到“一背四复习”，每天花1小时就能记住100个单词，一个多月就能背完3500词。方法作者还无偿提供一份高中的单页大容量的3500词表，可以自己下载打印。这个词表按高考阅读话题划分单元，还按话题的出现频率划分为高频、中高频、中低频三个部分。配合记忆法使用，效果更好。

即高考所规定的高中英语3500词，高考是明确单词不超纲的，但凡遇到超纲单词，单词边上就会标注中文意思。所以，背单词是英语阅读拿到基本分数的关键。3500词，只要能做到看到单词就能知道中文意思，阅读理解就可以拿到55%~70%的分数。也就是20个选项，拿到11~14个。

背单词的方法常见的有：艾宾浩斯记忆法、睡眠记忆法、A4纸记忆法、谐音法，疯狂三最法，等等。高中单词比较多，一般排除艾宾浩斯和谐音法，因为艾宾浩斯要求全天记忆复习，高中生时间不够。谐音法影响口语和听力，内容多了谐音也容易忘。

适合记忆的词组短语材料有《高中英语1.5万考点》，对高考中的词组短语，连续10多年维持在98%的命中率，说明整理的范围和高考契合。能够记住50%以上，阅读理解拿到90%问题不大，记住80%就有机会拿满分。

做高中英语阅读题不用纠结语法，语法分析虽然是高中老师喜欢用的方法，但是这个方法适合用来分析句子成分，不适合用来快速理解。拘泥于这种方法的同学，阅读速度往往很慢，很多同学五六分钟搞不明白一句长句的意思。

单词和短语都掌握好的同学，其实只要看明白句子中有哪些单词和短语，它们的意思分别是什么，就可以简单地调整语序，看懂意思。这个方法就是：乱词排序法。乱词排序也就是我们小学语文3年级爱考的题目。对于高中生而言，这样的方法高效简单，没有什么难度。节约了时间，就可以用在后面的作文上，把字写好，拿到高分。